Mazout burner of the combustion-under-pressure type for steam boilers



n. smoum. M AZOUT BURNER OF THE COMBUSTION UNDER PRESSURE TYPE FbR STEAM B0! LERS.

APPLICATION FILED- FEB. 4, 1921.

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APPLICATION FILED FEB. 4, I921.

Patented Apr. 25, 1922.

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' MAZOUT- BURNER OF THE COMBUSTION UNDER PRESSURE TYPE FOR STEAM BOILERS.

' APPLICATION FILED FEB. 4; 1921.

1,414,099. Patented Apr. 25, 1922.

- V a SHEETS-SHEET 3. I

the mazout and is subjectedto vibrations-on one side and the other of a mean position bee 40v 4 I This action is such that (1), the chamber view.

I iuiizour Bunnies. or THE ooiusns rzron-uixmnrrrnnssunn TYPE F03. sT Ai/fBoi Ens."

. RENE 'smouur, or IssYLEs n wt-meats, FiaAncE.

.iniaoee.

To all tohom it may concern:

value than combustioninfree-air, and the provementsin Mazout Burners of the Combustion UndenPressure' Type for "Steam Boilers, of which the-following is a specification. a

The subject of the present application is, amazout-burner designed to burn a mixture of air and mazout in certain easily regulated proportions under high pressure in a suit able combustlon chamber; Combustion under pressure produces a much greater heat system possessesthe further advantage of dispensingwiththe necessity for injecting additional air which is not entirely utilized in the combustion and which is,imoreover, of

: harmful effect in that it reduces the tempera.

tur'e'of the gases. r

According to the present invention the burner comprise's'a cylinder forming a coin- V pressed air and at tl'ie other en'd atvalve' for the exhaust of the gases of combustion. This bustion chamber inside which an axially movable stem is arranged while 'a't one end j it carriesa valve for the admission of conistein isattached to a pistonafor distributing tween'the seats'of the admission andoutlet valves under the action of the constant presisure of the compressed air actingonzthe 'eX-' terior face of the admission valve, and of the-variable pressure oi 'th'e i'nixture under combustion inside' the cylinder acting on the inner face of the admissionandexhaust valves, the surfaces of which are diiierent.

is fed'evenly and regularly with compressed air and oil, (2) combustion iseifectedunder.

- pressure, and (3). the burning gases are i drawings.

blown into the furnace of the boiler. The

combustion of the mixture of carbuietted ases under pressure is started by means of e a, a'sparkmg plug.

. 1 One method of constructing the apparatus is, for the purpose of example, described below and shown in the "accompanying Fig. ,1 shows an elevation, consisting in 7 part of a vertical section through the line 1-'1 of Fig; 2, and in part'of an outside 3 Application filed February 4, 1921. 'Serial Nd. 442,500. 7 t

at Issy epublic,

Specification of Letters Patent. 1 "Patented Apr.

- Fig. 2 showsa section; ass'een from'above, through the line 2-2of Fig.;1-,wdrawn to-a larger V I i" I i F ig. '3 is through the line3+3of Fig. 2.

; Fig. 4 is .a transverse section vthrough the line-H of FigzQ. v j

I Fig. 5 is "a partial longitudinal 'section through the line 55 of Fig-.4.

water chamber which communicates with theboilen- The cylinder is; secured to thefront 13 of the water: chamber bya flange 14 and. gu'dgeon pins or bolts 15 and passes a partial transverse section STATE Y The burner-consists (Fig. '1-)-of aic'ylinder. 10 provided" with wings *11,-c0ntai'ned in a nace. A conduit for airunder'pressure 18 v and a conduit for ma'zoutunder pressure 19 run into the head ofthe cylinder (Fig;

2). In-'theinterior of the cylinder 10. a

stem 22' fitted with aninlet valve 20 and an s p valve 21 -moves between an"inle,t i

.valve seat 20' andv angescape valve seat'21; the said st'em 22-isguided. as regards. the

front part- 22 passing into'a stuflingbox; 23 andasregjards the back part 22 by pass- 7 ing between the wings 10" withswhich the backupart o'fthe cylinder 10 is provided;

Theinlet'jvalve 20' isjoined (F ig., 2)r to s a mazout' supply piston; containedHin-a tchamber25 bored: in the head of :the'cylinden. A, channel 526 runs through thecentre of the said piston. The inlet valve; carries a conical seat 27 onthe right'receiving the contact ofa ring 28 part of which isfshape'd to'coincide with it" and'which fits on tothe stem 22' Where it ish'eld in position by a nut 29 s'ecured by a locking nut 29. Be

tween" these two parts a'cir'cular chamber 3O is contrived. which communicates with the channe126 bored through the centre of the oil supply piston Qh'The contacting sur- 9 face 27 is grooved in such away as toipro vide passages iil through "which the voil sprays into'the inter or combustion chamber cates through T an opening 33 with "the' -in- 32 of thefcylinder 10. i A chamber 34 (Fig. 5) containing a sparking-plug 35 communi side the valve stemj22 (Figs. 2 andr3) is placed a tube 36 supported on the outside by-WingsST The said tube 36 is provided at the anterior end (Fig. 1) with'an orifice terior ofthe' combustion chamber '32. In- 9 valve connected with the rod 22'until the exhaust valve bears onuits seat. During this movement air is. introducedinto the.

combustion chamber 32 at the same time as the piston 24 for admitting combustlble causes the discharge fromthe mazout pump to flow into the grooves 31' by. means of which the combustible enters the combustion chamber 32. The carburetted mixture thus formed. ignites on contact with the sparkcaused by the plug 35 and causes an extremely rapid combustion in the chamber 32 where the temperatureof the gases as well as their pressure rise very considerably. The inner faces of the admission valves 20 and of the exhaust valves 21 are unequal, the larger being that of the admissionvalve; the sudden pressure developed in the chamber 32 acting on the inner surface of.

the admission and exhaust valves, displaces the whole of these valves towards the left;

' In this movement towards the left the opening of the exhaust valve first occursplacing the chamber32 incommunication with the furnace'inwhich there is axpressure practically equal to atmosphericpressure and considerably lower than thatvof the gases under combustion in the interior of the chamber 32; an extremely rapid flow of the gaseous mass res ults'therefrom causing its elements to have a high speed in a given.

' direction.

This flow of the gas which may expand in the furnace involves a rapid lowering of the pressure inthe interior of thecombus tion chamber and consequently on the inner faces of the admission and exhaust valves.

A point is therefore reached at which the that which tends to. displace this rod in the opposite direction, which pressure is the re: sultant of the pressure of air injected on the outer face of the admission valve 20 and the pressure of the combustible on the end ofthe distributing piston 24, so that the rod 22 again displaced towards the right be fore the admission valve 20 has come, in contact with its seat. The rod 22 during operation is thus-maintained reciprocating between the two admission and exhaust valve seats which movement as regards these two is very rapid, but is of a somewhat The combustion can only take place in the combustion chamber 82 it being evident that it is only at this point that the air and the combustible come in contact.

In view of the inertia of the rod 22 and the effect ofethe rapid escape of the gases under combustion it has been found necessary, in :order to obtain satisfactory operation of the apparatus, tomake the different surfaces in contact with the compressedairand the gases under combustion of such rela tive areas that the difference of the inner surfaces of the admission and exhaust valves added to the sectional area of the piston. which distributes the combustible will be sufficient to move the stem 22 to the neutral position under the pressure acting onthe surfaces.

In an experimental apparatus, fora given pressure of air the maximum working .Was obtained by giving the different parts of the rod 22 the following diameters. 1 r

1. Extreme cylindrical parts 22, 22"

13 mm. I a 2. Cylindrical art 22 situated between the valves:18 mm. I

8. Admission valve 20235 mm.

4. Exhaust valve 2].:30 mm.

5. Distributing piston 24:4; mm. is 100 The cooling of the valve rod orstem is effected byw'ater circulation on the thermo- V siphon system the current is passed through the passage 39gthe interior of the tube 36,v

the exterior of the tube 36 and the passage 43. r r

The sparking of the plug may be dispensed with as soon as the burner has starts ed to operate.

What I claim is 1. Mazout burner for steam boiler comprising in combination, a combustion chamber, a stem in the interior of said chamber, an admission valve andv an exhaust valve carried by said stem, a mazout supply piston together with said admission valve, a single inlet for entrance of air under pressure, means for igniting the mixture of air and mazout the combustion generating a pres sure higher than the pressure under which 12 the air is injected, and means actuated by v the difference of pressure for" maintaining -a conduit for circulation of water in the interior of the stem, an admission valve and an exhaust valve carried by said stem, a mazout supply plston, a channel in the said piston communicating by grooved apertures with the interior of the combustion cham her, a single inlet for entrance of airunder pressure, means for igniting the mixture i of air and ma zout; the respective dimensions of the admission and exhaust valves and of the valve stem being so calculated that the differential eifect of the pressures. on the said valves results in maintaining the stem in equilibrium vibrating a mean position corresponding to theopenmg of thejtWo valvesalso WhGIItllG pressure 1n the comunder which theair is injected.

hand.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my I i R NE SIROUETL 

